PHOTO ELECTRIC EFFECT
Heinrich Rudolf Hertz, a German physicist, developed the photoelectric phenomenon in 1887.
Hertz discovered that when ultraviolet light shines on two metal electrodes with a voltage put across them, the light alters the voltage at which sparking occurs. This discovery is related to his work on radio waves.
More investigation revealed that the photoelectric effect involves a light-matter interaction that is not compatible with classical physics, which defines light as an electromagnetic wave. One puzzling finding was that the maximum kinetic energy of the liberated electrons was proportional to the light's frequency rather than the wave theory's predicted variation with light intensity. The number of electrons released from the metal did depend on the intensity of the light (measured as an electric current)..
When a substance absorbs electromagnetic radiation, a phenomenon known as the photoelectric effect causes electrically charged particles to be discharged from or within the material. When light strikes a metal plate, the action is frequently described as the ejection of electrons from the plate.
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